Image Credit: AI-generated historical illustration created for Nick Walters, Finding Your Way (2026). Depicts Meriwether Lewis purchasing portable soup in Philadelphia in 1803. Historical interpretation; not an eyewitness depiction.
Some of the best leadership decisions are made long before anyone realizes they are necessary. They rarely generate excitement, and their benefits may not become apparent for months or even years. Yet when circumstances deteriorate, those earlier decisions can make the difference between having options and having none.
In their book Great by Choice, Jim Collins and Morten T. Hansen describe a leadership principle they call “productive paranoia.” Their research examines how successful organizations prepare for uncertainty, build reserves, and anticipate difficulties even when circumstances appear favorable.
Meriwether Lewis demonstrated the value of this kind of preparation in 1803, when he spent nearly $290 on something that would prove useful more than two years later: soup.
An Unusual Purchase in Philadelphia
In April 1803, Lewis was preparing for an expedition commissioned by President Thomas Jefferson. The journey would eventually take Lewis, William Clark, and their exploring party, known as the Corps of Discovery, across the North American continent to the Pacific Ocean.
Their assignment involved enormous uncertainty. They would travel through unfamiliar territory, encounter Native nations whose assistance would prove essential, and confront geographical obstacles that no one in Washington could fully anticipate.
Lewis knew that feeding his men would be a constant challenge. Hunting might provide abundant food in some regions, but there was no guarantee that game would always be available.
On April 15, 1803, Lewis wrote to General William Irvine requesting portable soup, a concentrated meat broth that could be dried, transported, and later reconstituted with water.
A Philadelphia cook named François Baillet subsequently prepared approximately 193 pounds of portable soup for the expedition. At $1.50 per pound, the purchase cost $289.50.
It was a substantial investment in food that Lewis hoped would not be needed under desperate circumstances.
Two Years Later, in the Bitterroot Mountains
By September 1805, the expedition had reached the Bitterroot Mountains in present-day Idaho and Montana. The men were attempting to cross rugged terrain on their way toward the Columbia River and ultimately the Pacific Ocean.
The crossing became one of the expedition's most difficult experiences. Snow, cold, exhaustion, and a severe shortage of food threatened the party. Game was scarce, and the men struggled to maintain their strength.
On September 14, expedition member Patrick Gass recorded that Lewis distributed some of the portable soup that had been reserved for necessity. Other journal accounts describe the men preparing soup using melted snow during the crossing.
The soup did not solve their food crisis. The expedition also relied on horse meat, hunting, and eventually assistance from Native communities. Nevertheless, a supply purchased in Philadelphia more than two years earlier provided nourishment when ordinary sources of food were failing.
Lewis could not have predicted the precise circumstances in which that soup would become valuable. He had simply prepared for the possibility that his men might someday need it.
The Leadership Lesson: Prepare Before the Crisis
Collins and Hansen's concept of productive paranoia emphasizes that effective leaders do not confuse favorable circumstances with permanent security. They recognize that unexpected problems will arise and establish safeguards before those problems become emergencies.
For a business, this might mean maintaining cash reserves rather than spending every available dollar. For a nonprofit, it could mean developing multiple funding sources instead of depending on one major donor. For any organization, it might involve preparing employees to assume important responsibilities when key personnel become unavailable.
Such preparations require resources that could otherwise be used immediately. That creates a temptation to postpone them, especially when everything seems to be operating smoothly.
But preparation is not wasted simply because the anticipated crisis has not yet occurred.
Lewis's portable soup illustrates an important distinction: preparation does not guarantee that a crisis can be avoided. It gives leaders additional options when the crisis arrives.
The Corps of Discovery still faced hunger and hardship in the Bitterroot Mountains. Yet the men had access to a resource that would not have existed without Lewis's earlier decision.
This post is part of Finding Your Way, where proven leadership ideas meet stories from the Lewis & Clark expedition. The full stories will be collected in my upcoming book, Beyond the Map. Sign up to be notified when it’s released.
